AI Engine contains a scalar processor that can be used to implement scalar math operations, non-linear functions, and so on. Sometimes it can be helpful to have a golden scalar reference version of code. But note that usually the scalar version of code takes much more time to run in simulation and hardware.
static cint16 eq_coef[32]={{1,2},{3,4},...};
//keep margin data between different executions of graph
static cint16 delay_line[32];
__attribute__((noinline)) void fir_32tap_scalar(input_stream<cint16> * sig_in,
output_stream<cint16> * sig_out){
//For profiling only
unsigned cycle_num[2];
aie::tile tile=aie::tile::current();
cycle_num[0]=tile.cycles();//cycle counter of the AI Engine tile
for(int i=0;i<SAMPLES;i++){
cint64 sum={0,0};//larger data to mimic accumulator
for(int j=0;j<32;j++){
//auto integer promotion to prevent overflow
sum.real+=delay_line[j].real*eq_coef[j].real-delay_line[j].imag*eq_coef[j].imag;
sum.imag+=delay_line[j].real*eq_coef[j].imag+delay_line[j].imag*eq_coef[j].real;
}
sum=sum>>SHIFT;
//produce one sample per loop iteration
writeincr(sig_out,{(int16)sum.real,(int16)sum.imag});
for(int j=0;j<32;j++){
if(j==31){
delay_line[j]=readincr(sig_in);
}else{
delay_line[j]=delay_line[j+1];
}
}
}
//For profiling only
cycle_num[1]=tile.cycles();//cycle counter of the AI Engine tile
printf("start=%d,end=%d,total=%d\n",cycle_num[0],cycle_num[1],cycle_num[1]-cycle_num[0]);
}
void fir_32tap_scalar_init()
{
//initialize data
for (int i=0;i<32;i++){
int tmp=get_ss(0);
delay_line[i]=*(cint16*)&tmp;
}
};
- Function
fir_32tap_scalar_init
is used as initialization function for kernel, which will only be called once aftergraph.run()
. - Rounding and saturation modes are not supported in scalar processor.
They can be implemented via standard C operations, like
shift
. - Tile counter is used for profiling the main loop of code.
From the profiling result, you can see that each sample takes around 3050 cycles.
For more information about graph construction and different kinds of profiling techniques, AI Engine Simulation-Based Performance Analysis and Performance Analysis of AI Engine Graph Application on Hardware in Versal ACAP AI Engine Programming Environment User Guide (UG1076).