For partitioning and formatting an SD card, the following tools are required:
- fdisk
- mkfs
The steps and logs for partitioning are as follows:
-
sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command.
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Command (m for help): n
Partition type
- p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
- e extended (container for logical partitions)
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Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-62333951, default 2048):
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Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-62333951, default 62333951): 21111220
Creates a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 10.1 GB. Partition #1 contains a vfat signature.
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Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: y
The signature is removed by a write command.
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Command (m for help): n
Partition type
- p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
- e extended (container for logical partitions)
-
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): First sector (21111221-62333951, default 21112832): Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (21112832-62333951, default 62333951): Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 19.7 GB.
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Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. Steps and log for formatting:
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sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1
mkfs.fat 4.1 (2017-01-24)
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sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2
mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018) Creating file system with 5152640 4k blocks and 1289280 inodes File system UUID: ad549f34-ee6e-4efc-ab03-fba390e98ede Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and file system accounting information: done
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SD EXT ROOTFS BOOT:
Mount the fat partition and copy BOOT.BIN, boot.scr, Image, and system.dtb files on it. Mount the EXT partition and untar rootfs.tar.gz to it. Finally unmount the SD card and use it for booting.