Filter Symmetry - 7.2 English - PG149

FIR Compiler LogiCORE IP Product Guide ( PG149)

Document ID
PG149
Release Date
2025-06-11
Version
7.2 English

The impulse response for many filters possesses significant symmetry. This symmetry can generally be exploited to minimize arithmetic requirements and produce area-efficient filter realizations. The following figure shows the impulse response for a 9-tap symmetric FIR filter.

Figure 1. Symmetric FIR – Odd Number of Terms

Instead of implementing this filter using the architecture shown in Figure 1, the more efficient signal flow-graph in the following figure can be used. In general, the former approach requires N multiplications and (N-1) additions. In contrast, the architecture in the following figure requires only [N/2] multiplications and approximately N additions. This significant reduction in the computation workload can be exploited to generate efficient filter hardware implementations.

Figure 2. Exploiting Coefficient Symmetry – Odd Number of Filter Taps

Coefficient symmetry for an even number of terms can be exploited as shown in the following figure.

Figure 3. Exploiting Coefficient Symmetry – Even Number of Filter Taps

The following figure shows the impulse response for a negative, or odd, symmetric filter.

Figure 4. Negative Symmetric Impulse Response

This symmetry is exploited in a manner similar to that shown in the preceding figures. In this case, the middle layer of adders are replaced by subtracters, as shown in the following figure.

Figure 5. FIR Architecture Exploiting Negative Symmetry

Filter coefficient symmetry is inferred by the core GUI from the coefficient definition file. You can override this inferred value. When the structure is inferred, the inferred setting is displayed in the Summary page and in the ToolTip for the Coefficient Structure field.